China has us by the chips

And I believe a lot of it can be traced back to the cost of cleaning up it's waste products. China don't care.

Semiconductor wastewaters are inherently difficult to treat. They are usually characterized by strong color, high COD, high levels of VOC and heavy precious metals. Conventionally, chemical coagulation and biological treatment are used to treat wastewater before discharge. Diminishing freshwater supplies and growing concerns on the environmental impact from industrial wastewater discharges have propelled Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) to be the new paradigm in some countries for industrial wastewater treatment in the recent years. Forward osmosis technology can potentially be incorporated to meet ZLD targets where all water is recovered and contaminants are reduced to solid waste.
 
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